Biography Dr. Weinsheimer’s research interests include human genetics studies of cerebrovascular malformations and neuropsychiatric disorders. Her group’s main focus is the identification of clinical genomics tools (e.g., genetic, epigenetic, transcriptomic, or microbiome biomarkers) that can aid early detection, stratify patient subtypes and result in improved clinical management for individuals with brain vascular malformations including brain AVM, aneurysm, Cerebral Cavernous Malformation and Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia. Current approaches include genome-wide association studies, screening for rare variants, investigation of somatic variation, and blood expression profiling to identify molecular markers of poor outcome (e.g. hemorrhage). Institute for Human Genetics - Faculty Member Center for Cerebrovascular Research - Faculty Member Role Faculty Location Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital Category Clinical Education PhD, 08/2006 - Molecular Biology & Genetics, Wayne State UniversityMS, 06/2002 - Basic Medical Sciences, Wayne State UniversityBS, 06/1999 - Biochemistry and Life Science, Otterbein College Publications Somatic mutations in arteriovenous malformations in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia support a bi-allelic two-hit mutation mechanism of pathogenesis. DeBose-Scarlett E, Ressler AK, Gallione CJ, Sapisochin Cantis G, Friday C, Weinsheimer S, Schimmel K, Spiekerkoetter E, Kim H, Gossage JR, Faughnan ME, Marchuk DA Clinical segmentation in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome: Cognitive impairments and additional genetic load. Schmock H, Stevenson MP, Hanebaum S, Vangkilde A, Rosengren A, Weinsheimer SM, Skovby F, Olesen C, Ullum H, Baaré WFC, Siebner HR, Didriksen M, Werge T, Olsen L, Jepsen JRM Mild Hypoxia Accelerates Cerebral Cavernous Malformation Disease Through CX3CR1-CX3CL1 Signaling. Frias-Anaya E, Gallego-Gutierrez H, Gongol B, Weinsheimer S, Lai CC, Orecchioni M, Sriram A, Bui CM, Nelsen B, Hale P, Pham A, Shenkar R, DeBiasse D, Lightle R, Girard R, Li Y, Srinath A, Daneman R, Nudleman E, Sun H, Guma M, Dubrac A, Mesarwi OA, Ley K, Kim H, Awad IA, Ginsberg MH, Lopez-Ramirez MA Abstract 116: Increased Collagen I/Collagen III Ratio is Associated With Hemorrhage in Brain Arteriovenous Malformations in Human and Mouse. Zahra Shabani nabikandi, Joana Schurger, Alka Yadav, Rich Liang, Kelly Press, Shantel Weinsheimer, Annika Schmidt, Helen Kim, Hua Su Abstract TMP2: Longitudinal Risk of Seizures in Patients With Brain Arteriovenous Malformations. Samyami S Chowdhury, Jeffrey Nelson, Shantel Weinsheimer, Jonas Schollenberger, Heather J Fullerton, Christine K Fox, Helen Kim Abstract TP6: Identification of Circulating Epigenetic Biomarkers for Seizure in Brain Arteriovenous Malformation by Methylome Profiling. Peter Park, Jeffrey Nelson, Christine K Fox, Adam Numis, Nerissa Ko, Ethan Winkler, Charles McCulloch, Helen Kim, Shantel Weinsheimer Increased Collagen I/Collagen III Ratio Is Associated with Hemorrhage in Brain Arteriovenous Malformations in Human and Mouse. Shabani Z, Schuerger J, Zhu X, Tang C, Ma L, Yadav A, Liang R, Press K, Weinsheimer S, Schmidt A, Wang C, Sekhar A, Nelson J, Kim H, Su H 385 A Cell Resolution Atlas of the Human Cerebrovasculature Reveals Angiogenic and Inflammatory Cell Programs in Arteriovenous Malformations. Ethan A. Winkler, Chang Kim, Jayden Ross, Joseph Garcia, Eugene Gil, Irene Oh, Lindsay Chen, David Wu, Joshua Catapano, Kunal P. Raygor, Kazim Narsinh, Helen Kim, Shantel Weinsheimer, Daniel Cooke, Brian Patrick Walcott, Michael T. Lawton, Nalin Gupta, Berislav Zlokovic, Edward F. Chang, Adib Adnan Abla, Daniel A. Lim, Tomasz Nowakowski Abstract 52: Prevalence Of Somatic Activating Kras Mutations In Pediatric And Adult Sporadic Brain Arteriovenous Malformations. Ethan A Winkler, Joseph Garcia, Cynthia Tsang, Jeffrey Nelson, Charles McCulloch, Shantel Weinsheimer, Christine K Fox, Heather Fullerton, Nerissa Ko, Hua Su, Tomasz Nowakowski, Daniel L Cooke, Steven Hetts, Ekin Guney, MELIKE PEKMEZCI, Tarik Tihan, Michael Lawton, Adib Abla, Nalin Gupta, Helen Kim Abstract TMP17: Polymorphisms In DNA Methylated Genes And Risk Of Intracranial Hemorrhage In Brain Arteriovenous Malformation Patients. Thinzar Zaw, Shantel Weinsheimer, Jeffrey Nelson, Charles McCulloch, Jonathan Zaroff, Helen Kim Abstract TP157: Interleukin Plasma Levels And Risk Of Hemorrhage In Pediatric Brain Arteriovenous Malformation Patients. Shweta A Chawla, Shantel Weinsheimer, Jeffrey Nelson, Charles McCulloch, Adib Abla, Nalin Gupta, Daniel L Cooke, Steven Hetts, David Saloner, Yi Li, Christine K Fox, Heather J Fullerton, Helen Kim Intracranial Hemorrhage Rate and Lesion Burden in Patients With Familial Cerebral Cavernous Malformation. Weinsheimer S, Nelson J, Abla AA, Ko NU, Tsang C, Okoye O, Zabramski JM, Akers A, Zafar A, Mabray MC, Hart BL, Morrison L, McCulloch CE, Kim H, Brain Vascular Malformation Consortium Cerebral Cavernous Malformation Investigator Group * A single-cell atlas of the normal and malformed human brain vasculature. Winkler EA, Kim CN, Ross JM, Garcia JH, Gil E, Oh I, Chen LQ, Wu D, Catapano JS, Raygor K, Narsinh K, Kim H, Weinsheimer S, Cooke DL, Walcott BP, Lawton MT, Gupta N, Zlokovic BV, Chang EF, Abla AA, Lim DA, Nowakowski TJ Endoluminal Biopsy for Molecular Profiling of Human Brain Vascular Malformations. Winkler E, Wu D, Gil E, McCoy D, Narsinh K, Sun Z, Mueller K, Ross J, Kim H, Weinsheimer S, Berger M, Nowakowski T, Lim D, Abla A, Cooke D Abstract 109: Biological Pathways Enriched For Genes Associated With Lesion Burden In Cerebral Cavernous Malformation. Aditya Sriram, Shantel Weinsheimer, Jeffrey Nelson, Marc Mabray, Joseph M Zabramski, Amy Akers, Blaine Hart, Leslie Morrison, Charles E McCulloch, Helen Kim Seizure Incidence Rates in Children and Adults With Familial Cerebral Cavernous Malformations. Fox CK, Nelson J, McCulloch CE, Weinsheimer S, Pawlikowska L, Hart B, Mabray MC, Zafar A, Morrison L, Zabramski JM, Akers A, Kim H Utility of modified Rankin Scale for brain vascular malformations in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia. Thompson KP, Nelson J, Kim H, Weinsheimer SM, Marchuk DA, Lawton MT, Krings T, Faughnan ME, Brain Vascular Malformation Consortium HHT Investigator Group Assessing the association of common genetic variants in EPHB4 and RASA1 with phenotype severity in familial cerebral cavernous malformation. Choksi F, Weinsheimer S, Nelson J, Pawlikowska L, Fox CK, Zafar A, Mabray MC, Zabramski J, Akers A, Hart BL, Morrison L, McCulloch CE, Kim H Pilot investigation of circulating angiogenic and inflammatory biomarkers associated with vascular malformations. Wetzel-Strong SE, Weinsheimer S, Nelson J, Pawlikowska L, Clark D, Starr MD, Liu Y, Kim H, Faughnan ME, Nixon AB, Marchuk DA Somatic mosaicism in the MAPK pathway in sporadic brain arteriovenous malformation and association with phenotype. Gao S, Nelson J, Weinsheimer S, Winkler EA, Rutledge C, Abla AA, Gupta N, Shieh JT, Cooke DL, Hetts SW, Tihan T, Hess CP, Ko N, Walcott BP, McCulloch CE, Lawton MT, Su H, Pawlikowska L, Kim H Review of treatment and therapeutic targets in brain arteriovenous malformation. Pan P, Weinsheimer S, Cooke D, Winkler E, Abla A, Kim H, Su H Abstract MP11: Circulating Plasma Biomarkers Associated With Brain Arteriovenous Malformations. Sarah E Wetzel-Strong, Shantel M Weinsheimer, Jeffrey Nelson, Ludmila Pawlikowska, Dewi Clark, Charles E McCulloch, Helen Kim, Marie E Faughnan, Douglas A Marchuk Abstract P42: Genetic Variants Associated With Vasospasm Following Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. Shantel M Weinsheimer, Matthew D Alexander, Jeffrey Nelson, Daniel L Cooke, Steven W Hetts, Charles E McCulloch, Helen Kim, Nerissa U Ko Maternal and Fetal Outcomes in Women with Brain Arteriovenous Malformation Rupture during Pregnancy. Yan KL, Ko NU, Hetts SW, Weinsheimer S, Abla AA, Lawton MT, Kim H 23 SEX CHROMOSOME ANEUPLOIDIES ARE UNDERDIAGNOSED AND INCREASE RISK FOR MENTAL DISORDERS. Xabier Calle Sanchez, Thomas Werge, Andres Ingason, Shantel Weinsheimer 47 TRYGGVE2: PREDICTING POOR OUTCOMES IN SCHIZOPHRENIA USING REGISTER GENOMICS IN SWEDEN. Kaarina Kowalec, Lu Yi, Ole Kristian Drange, Shantel Weinsheimer, Martin Tesli, Lasse Folkersen, Thomas Werge, Ole A. Andreassen, Ted Reichborn-Kjennerud, Patrick Sullivan M33 TRYGGVE2: PREDICTING POOR OUTCOMES IN MAJOR DEPRESSION USING REGISTER GENOMICS IN SWEDEN. Yi Lu, Kaarina Kowalec, Ole Kristian Drange, Martin Tesli, Shantel Weinsheimer, Lasse Folkersen, Thomas Werge, Ole Andreassen, Ted Reichborn-Kjennerud, Patrick Sullivan 25 GENOME-WIDE METHYLOMIC ANALYSIS OF NEONATAL BLOOD FROM DANISH TWINS DISCORDANT FOR MENTAL ILLNESS. Shantel Weinsheimer, Anna Starnawska, Christine Hansen, Alfonso Buil, Jonas Bybjerg-Grauholm, Marie Bækvad-Hansen, David Hougaard, Thomas Sparsø, Marcelo Bertalan, Preben Bo Mortensen, Carsten B. Pedersen, Thomas Werge 26 ESTIMATED DNA METHYLATION GESTATIONAL AGE IN NEWBORN MONOZYGOTIC TWINS ASSOCIATE WITH LATER PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS BETWEEN CON/DISCORDANT PAIRS. Christine Hansen, Alexander Drong, Anna Starnawska, Jonas Bybjerg-Grauholm, Alfonso Buil, Shantel Weinsheimer, Marie Bækvad-Hansen, David Hougaard, Cecilia Lindgren, Thomas Werge SU56 DIFFERENTIAL DNA METHYLATION AT BIRTH ASSOCIATED WITH MENTAL DISORDER IN INDIVIDUALS WITH 22Q11.2 DELETION SYNDROME. Anna Starnawska, Christine Hansen, Thomas Sparsø, Wiktor Mazin, Line Olsen, Marcelo Bertalan, Alfonso Buil, Jonas Bybjerg-Grauholm, Marie Bækvad-Hansen, David Hougaard, Preben Bo Mortensen, Carsten B. Pedersen, Mette Nyegaard, Thomas Werge, Shantel Weinsheimer Prevalence of rearrangements in the 22q11.2 region and population-based risk of neuropsychiatric and developmental disorders in a Danish population: a case-cohort study. Olsen L, Sparsø T, Weinsheimer SM, Dos Santos MBQ, Mazin W, Rosengren A, Sanchez XC, Hoeffding LK, Schmock H, Baekvad-Hansen M, Bybjerg-Grauholm J, Daly MJ, Neale BM, Pedersen MG, Agerbo E, Mors O, Børglum A, Nordentoft M, Hougaard DM, Mortensen PB, Geschwind DH, Pedersen C, Thompson WK, Werge T Genome-wide association analyses identify 44 risk variants and refine the genetic architecture of major depression. Wray NR, Ripke S, Mattheisen M, Trzaskowski M, Byrne EM, Abdellaoui A, Adams MJ, Agerbo E, Air TM, Andlauer TMF, Bacanu SA, Bækvad-Hansen M, Beekman AFT, Bigdeli TB, Binder EB, Blackwood DRH, Bryois J, Buttenschøn HN, Bybjerg-Grauholm J, Cai N, Castelao E, Christensen JH, Clarke TK, Coleman JIR, Colodro-Conde L, Couvy-Duchesne B, Craddock N, Crawford GE, Crowley CA, Dashti HS, Davies G, Deary IJ, Degenhardt F, Derks EM, Direk N, Dolan CV, Dunn EC, Eley TC, Eriksson N, Escott-Price V, Kiadeh FHF, Finucane HK, Forstner AJ, Frank J, Gaspar HA, Gill M, Giusti-Rodríguez P, Goes FS, Gordon SD, Grove J, Hall LS, Hannon E, Hansen CS, Hansen TF, Herms S, Hickie IB, Hoffmann P, Homuth G, Horn C, Hottenga JJ, Hougaard DM, Hu M, Hyde CL, Ising M, Jansen R, Jin F, Jorgenson E, Knowles JA, Kohane IS, Kraft J, Kretzschmar WW, Krogh J, Kutalik Z, Lane JM, Li Y, Li Y, Lind PA, Liu X, Lu L, MacIntyre DJ, MacKinnon DF, Maier RM, Maier W, Marchini J, Mbarek H, McGrath P, McGuffin P, Medland SE, Mehta D, Middeldorp CM, Mihailov E, Milaneschi Y, Milani L, Mill J, Mondimore FM, Montgomery GW, Mostafavi S, Mullins N, Nauck M, Ng B, Nivard MG, Nyholt DR, O'Reilly PF, Oskarsson H, Owen MJ, Painter JN, Pedersen CB, Pedersen MG, Peterson RE, Pettersson E, Peyrot WJ, Pistis G, Posthuma D, Purcell SM, Quiroz JA, Qvist P, Rice JP, Riley BP, Rivera M, Saeed Mirza S, Saxena R, Schoevers R, Schulte EC, Shen L, Shi J, Shyn SI, Sigurdsson E, Sinnamon GBC, Smit JH, Smith DJ, Stefansson H, Steinberg S, Stockmeier CA, Streit F, Strohmaier J, Tansey KE, Teismann H, Teumer A, Thompson W, Thomson PA, Thorgeirsson TE, Tian C, Traylor M, Treutlein J, Trubetskoy V, Uitterlinden AG, Umbricht D, Van der Auwera S, van Hemert AM, Viktorin A, Visscher PM, Wang Y, Webb BT, Weinsheimer SM, Wellmann J, Willemsen G, Witt SH, Wu Y, Xi HS, Yang J, Zhang F, eQTLGen, 23andMe, Arolt V, Baune BT, Berger K, Boomsma DI, Cichon S, Dannlowski U, de Geus ECJ, DePaulo JR, Domenici E, Domschke K, Esko T, Grabe HJ, Hamilton SP, Hayward C, Heath AC, Hinds DA, Kendler KS, Kloiber S, Lewis G, Li QS, Lucae S, Madden PFA, Magnusson PK, Martin NG, McIntosh AM, Metspalu A, Mors O, Mortensen PB, Müller-Myhsok B, Nordentoft M, Nöthen MM, O'Donovan MC, Paciga SA, Pedersen NL, Penninx BWJH, Perlis RH, Porteous DJ, Potash JB, Preisig M, Rietschel M, Schaefer C, Schulze TG, Smoller JW, Stefansson K, Tiemeier H, Uher R, Völzke H, Weissman MM, Werge T, Winslow AR, Lewis CM, Levinson DF, Breen G, Børglum AD, Sullivan PF, Major Depressive Disorder Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium Abstract WP426: Does Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Brain Arteriovenous Malformation Share Genetic Risk Factors With Primary Intracerebral Hemorrhage?. Jeffrey Nelson, Nasrine Bendjilali, Shantel M Weinsheimer, Charles E McCulloch, Nerissa U Ko, Jonathan G Zaroff, Michael T Lawton, Ludmila Pawlikowska, Helen Kim Differential DNA methylation at birth associated with mental disorder in individuals with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. Starnawska A, Hansen CS, Sparsø T, Mazin W, Olsen L, Bertalan M, Buil A, Bybjerg-Grauholm J, Bækvad-Hansen M, Hougaard DM, Mortensen PB, Pedersen CB, Nyegaard M, Werge T, Weinsheimer S An epigenetic clock for gestational age at birth based on blood methylation data. Knight AK, Craig JM, Theda C, Bækvad-Hansen M, Bybjerg-Grauholm J, Hansen CS, Hollegaard MV, Hougaard DM, Mortensen PB, Weinsheimer SM, Werge TM, Brennan PA, Cubells JF, Newport DJ, Stowe ZN, Cheong JL, Dalach P, Doyle LW, Loke YJ, Baccarelli AA, Just AC, Wright RO, Téllez-Rojo MM, Svensson K, Trevisi L, Kennedy EM, Binder EB, Iurato S, Czamara D, Räikkönen K, Lahti JM, Pesonen AK, Kajantie E, Villa PM, Laivuori H, Hämäläinen E, Park HJ, Bailey LB, Parets SE, Kilaru V, Menon R, Horvath S, Bush NR, LeWinn KZ, Tylavsky FA, Conneely KN, Smith AK Genome-wide association study of sporadic brain arteriovenous malformations. Weinsheimer S, Bendjilali N, Nelson J, Guo DE, Zaroff JG, Sidney S, McCulloch CE, Al-Shahi Salman R, Berg JN, Koeleman BP, Simon M, Bostroem A, Fontanella M, Sturiale CL, Pola R, Puca A, Lawton MT, Young WL, Pawlikowska L, Klijn CJ, Kim H, GEN-AVM Consortium Molecular basis and genetic predisposition to intracranial aneurysm. Tromp G, Weinsheimer S, Ronkainen A, Kuivaniemi H Evaluation of genetic risk loci for intracranial aneurysms in sporadic arteriovenous malformations of the brain. Kremer PH, Koeleman BP, Pawlikowska L, Weinsheimer S, Bendjilali N, Sidney S, Zaroff JG, Rinkel GJ, van den Berg LH, Ruigrok YM, de Kort GA, Veldink JH, Kim H, Klijn CJ Common variants on 9p21.3 are associated with brain arteriovenous malformations with accompanying arterial aneurysms. Bendjilali N, Nelson J, Weinsheimer S, Sidney S, Zaroff JG, Hetts SW, Segal M, Pawlikowska L, McCulloch CE, Young WL, Kim H A genome-wide investigation of copy number variation in patients with sporadic brain arteriovenous malformation. Bendjilali N, Kim H, Weinsheimer S, Guo DE, Kwok PY, Zaroff JG, Sidney S, Lawton MT, McCulloch CE, Koeleman BP, Klijn CJ, Young WL, Pawlikowska L Abstract TMP30: Genetic Variants on 9p21.3 are Associated with Brain Arteriovenous Malformations with Associated Arterial Aneurysms. Nasrine Bendjilali, Jeffrey Nelson, Shantel Weinsheimer, Stephen Sidney, Jonathan G Zaroff, Mark Segal, Ludmila Pawlikowska, Charles E McCulloch, William L Young, Helen Kim G Protein-Coupled Receptor 124 (GPR124) Gene Polymorphisms and Risk of Brain Arteriovenous Malformation. Weinsheimer S, Brettman AD, Pawlikowska L, Wu DC, Mancuso MR, Kuhnert F, Lawton MT, Sidney S, Zaroff JG, McCulloch CE, Young WL, Kuo C, Kim H Abstract 3666: Common Polymorphisms in Familial Vascular Malformation Genes do not Show Association with Sporadic Brain Arteriovenous Malformation. Shantel Weinsheimer, Nasrine Bendjilali, Ludmila Pawlikowska, Pui-Yan Kwok, Michael T Lawton, Jonathan G Zaroff, Stephen Sidney, Charles E McCulloch, Helen Kim, William L Young Gene expression profiling of blood in brain arteriovenous malformation patients. Weinsheimer SM, Xu H, Achrol AS, Stamova B, McCulloch CE, Pawlikowska L, Tian Y, Ko NU, Lawton MT, Steinberg GK, Chang SD, Jickling G, Ander BP, Kim H, Sharp FR, Young WL Angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPTL4) gene polymorphisms and risk of brain arteriovenous malformations. Mikhak B, Weinsheimer S, Pawlikowska L, Poon A, Kwok PY, Lawton MT, Chen Y, Zaroff JG, Sidney S, McCulloch CE, Young WL, Kim H Brain arteriovenous malformation pathogenesis: a response-to-injury paradigm. Kim H, Su H, Weinsheimer S, Pawlikowska L, Young WL EPHB4 gene polymorphisms and risk of intracranial hemorrhage in patients with brain arteriovenous malformations. Weinsheimer S, Kim H, Pawlikowska L, Chen Y, Lawton MT, Sidney S, Kwok PY, McCulloch CE, Young WL The same sequence variant on 9p21 associates with myocardial infarction, abdominal aortic aneurysm and intracranial aneurysm. Helgadottir A, Thorleifsson G, Magnusson KP, Grétarsdottir S, Steinthorsdottir V, Manolescu A, Jones GT, Rinkel GJ, Blankensteijn JD, Ronkainen A, Jääskeläinen JE, Kyo Y, Lenk GM, Sakalihasan N, Kostulas K, Gottsäter A, Flex A, Stefansson H, Hansen T, Andersen G, Weinsheimer S, Borch-Johnsen K, Jorgensen T, Shah SH, Quyyumi AA, Granger CB, Reilly MP, Austin H, Levey AI, Vaccarino V, Palsdottir E, Walters GB, Jonsdottir T, Snorradottir S, Magnusdottir D, Gudmundsson G, Ferrell RE, Sveinbjornsdottir S, Hernesniemi J, Niemelä M, Limet R, Andersen K, Sigurdsson G, Benediktsson R, Verhoeven EL, Teijink JA, Grobbee DE, Rader DJ, Collier DA, Pedersen O, Pola R, Hillert J, Lindblad B, Valdimarsson EM, Magnadottir HB, Wijmenga C, Tromp G, Baas AF, Ruigrok YM, van Rij AM, Kuivaniemi H, Powell JT, Matthiasson SE, Gulcher JR, Thorgeirsson G, Kong A, Thorsteinsdottir U, Stefansson K Effects of cathepsins B and L inhibition on postischemic protein alterations in the brain. Anagli J, Abounit K, Stemmer P, Han Y, Allred L, Weinsheimer S, Movsisyan A, Seyfried D Integration of expression profiles and genetic mapping data to identify candidate genes in intracranial aneurysm. Weinsheimer S, Lenk GM, van der Voet M, Land S, Ronkainen A, Alafuzoff I, Kuivaniemi H, Tromp G Association of kallikrein gene polymorphisms with intracranial aneurysms. Weinsheimer S, Goddard KA, Parrado AR, Lu Q, Sinha M, Lebedeva ER, Ronkainen A, Niemelä M, Khusnutdinova EK, Khusainova RI, Helin K, Jääskeläinen JE, Sakovich VP, Land S, Kuivaniemi H, Tromp G Whole genome expression profiling reveals a significant role for immune function in human abdominal aortic aneurysms. Lenk GM, Tromp G, Weinsheimer S, Gatalica Z, Berguer R, Kuivaniemi H LARALink: a web application for cytogenetic linkage analysis. Fayz B, Moldenhauer JS, Wang D, Zhao C, Yao B, Liu D, Weinsheimer S, Gardner L, Johnson A, Womble DD, Krawetz SA Structural determinants of the calpain inhibitory activity of calpastatin peptide B27-WT. Betts R, Weinsheimer S, Blouse GE, Anagli J A selective cysteine protease inhibitor is non-toxic and cerebroprotective in rats undergoing transient middle cerebral artery ischemia. Seyfried DM, Veyna R, Han Y, Li K, Tang N, Betts RL, Weinsheimer S, Chopp M, Anagli J